BION-M1 Satellite

MEMORANDUM

Bion-M design and development work is carried out according to the Federal Space Program of the Russian Federation for 2006-2015 approved by Regulation of the RF Government № 635 of October 22, 2005.

During the Bion-M1 flight, it is planned to conduct comprehensive physiological, morphological, genetic and molecular-biological experiments on various specimens of flora and fauna in support of long-term interplanetary flights including Mars missions.

Rodents, amphibians, reptiles, crustaceans, mollusks, fish, insects, bacteria, cultures of animal and plant cells will be used for research.

The state customer of Bion-M development is the Federal Space Agency.

The customer of Bion-M development is the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS).

After recovery, the results of biomedical and biotechnological experiments are used for improving medical support of long-term manned flights and activities in extreme conditions.

The main objectives of the experiments conducted on the Bion-M1 spacecraft:

– study of vital functions in microgravity and during space flight;

– research into the effects of microgravity and ionizing radiation in doses typical for flights out of the Earth radiation belts;

– development of effective preventive measures against harmful effects of long-term microgravity impact on an organism;

– study of space diseases and traumatic injuries;

– development of a technology of obtaining ultrapure bioactive substances in microgravity.

The Bion-M1 spacecraft is equipped by a new life-support system meant for trouble-free operation for 45 days.

There will be 45 mice, 8 Mongolian gerbils, 15 geckos and snails on board Bion-M1. In addition, it is planned to place about 40 containers with various microorganisms and some containers with higher plants. The Bion-M1 flight will last for about 30 days.

The biomedical experiments are designed by scientific institutions from the USA, Germany, Canada, Netherlands, Poland and other countries.

A unique in-flight experiment on fish and algae is to be conducted on board the spacecraft. The experiment is carried out by the Institute for Medical and Biological Problems (IMBP) of the RAS in the OMEGAHAB hardware produced by the German Aerospace Centre (DLR).

The research program is unique. For the first time in world practice physiological experiments are to be performed not only in the course of the flight but also during the most critical and difficult phases of launch and landing.

More than 70 experiments are to be carried out during 30 days of flight. The “crew” of the spacecraft is formed in the Institute for Medical and Biological Problems. After monthly expedition living organisms will be returned to the Earth by a descent module.

Based on goals and objectives of the planned experiments all scientific hardware is divided into 3 groups:

– scientific hardware for biomedical research;

– scientific hardware for experiments in gravitational biology and biotechnology;

– scientific hardware for radiophysical and radiobiological experiments.

All scientific hardware is packaged and prepared at the Baikonur Cosmodrome. Information from scientific hardware is transferred by a telemetry system.

April 19, 2013 2pm Moscow time from Baikonur Cosmodrome Soyuz-2.1a successfully launched Bion-M No1 research spacecraft.

Scientific hardware of the BION-M1 spacecraft

Name

Purpose

Developer

KONTUR-BM

Physiological and biological experiments on test mice during space flight.

Special Design Bureau of Experimental Equipment under the IMBP of the RAS

Russia

MLZH-01

(1, 2, 3)

Biomedical experiments on small test animals and geckos for scientific explanation of new approaches to medical control, medical support, and prevention of unfavorable changes in their organisms during flight.

Institute for Medical and Biological Problems of the RAS

Russia

FRAGMENTER

Obtaining of biomass composed of microorganisms and biologically active substances without adding any ingredients and removing metabolic products in space flight environment.

Autonomous hardware

(accommodated inside and outside the spacecaft)

Off-line biological, radiophysical and radiobiological experiments in space flight environment.

BIOKONT–B

Research of space flight influence on behavior and vital functions of microorganisms.

TsNIIMash (Central Research Institute of Machine Building)

Russia

BELKA

Experiments for growth of protein crystals by gas phase and liquid phase diffusion.

NIISK (Subsidiary of TsENKI )

Russia

BIOIMPEDANS

Acquisition of scientific data on morphofunctional state of cell cultures in space flight environment by monitoring their bioimpedance characteristics.

Samara State Aerospace University (SSAU)

Russia

GRAVITON

Online analysis of microgravitational environment on board the spacecraft

RIBES

Study of microgravity impact on samples of polymeric materials by their imaging during flight.

KAIZER-ITALIA

Italy

OMEGAHAB

Biological experiments in aqueous medium.

KAYZER-THREDE

Germany

FITO

Experimentation on vegetable objects for study of space flight influence on chemical composition and physiological state of fruitage and seeds of some higher plants.

SamGMU

PAYLOAD

AIST

Educational, scientific and experimental tasks.

Samara State Aerospace University (SSAU)

Russia

FlyMate

CubeSat separation system for small satellites

NovaNano

France

3U ISIPOD

CubeSat separation system for small satellites

ISIS

Netherlands

ЕСМ SPL Assembly

CubeSat separation system for small satellites

ЕСМ Office

Germany


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BION-M1 Satellite

Orbit parameters:

Type

Altitude

Inclination

near-circular

575 km

64,9°

Launch mass

Scientific hardware mass

6266 kg

up to 650 kg

Power supply:

daily power consumption

of service hardware

daily power consumption

of scientific hardware

up to 650

up to 450 W

Mission life

30 days and one reserve day

Launch vehicle

Soyuz-2-1a

Cosmodrome

Baikonur

Number of

Foreign Satellites Launched

0
5
9
7


 
         

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